How Much Is Child Support, Really? The Pro Se Guide to the Numbers in California, Texas, and Florida
Savage Lex Team · 2026-07-30
How Much Is Child Support, Really? The Pro Se Guide to the Numbers in California, Texas, and Florida
You're trying to figure out what you'll owe — or what you'll receive. Maybe you Googled it and got back three calculators, a forum thread from 2019, and an attorney's website that ends with "schedule a free consultation." None of it gave you a straight answer.
Here's the truth: child support is a math problem, and the math is public. Every state has a statute that lays out the formula. The judge doesn't make it up. The lawyer doesn't get to invent a number. You can run the calculation yourself before you ever set foot in a courtroom.
This guide walks you through how California, Texas, and Florida actually calculate child support, what counts as income, what to do when you can't pay, and how to modify the order when life changes.
What Child Support Actually Is
Child support is money one parent pays the other to cover the kid's share of housing, food, clothing, healthcare, and the rest of raising a human being. The legal principle behind every state's formula is the same: the child should benefit from both parents' incomes, not just the one they live with.
Three things matter in every calculation:
- Each parent's income (gross, then net after specific deductions)
- The number of children
- How much time the child spends with each parent
Most states have a "guideline" amount that the judge is presumed to order. You can deviate from it, but only with a written explanation of why the guideline would be unjust. The guideline is the starting line, not a suggestion.
Texas: The Percentage Model (The Easy One)
Texas runs the simplest system in the country. The judge takes the paying parent's monthly net resources and applies a flat percentage based on how many kids there are.
The percentages (Texas Family Code § 154.125):
| Number of Children | % of Obligor's Net Resources |
|---|---|
| 1 child | 20% |
| 2 children | 25% |
| 3 children | 30% |
| 4 children | 35% |
| 5 children | 40% |
| 6+ children | Not less than 40% |
The cap: Guideline percentages apply to monthly net resources up to $11,700, effective September 1, 2025 (up from $9,200). Above that, the judge can order additional support based on the child's "proven needs" — but the receiving parent has to prove those needs. (Texas Family Code § 154.126)
What "net resources" means: It's not your take-home pay. Under § 154.062, the court starts with all income — wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, self-employment income, rental income, dividends, interest, severance, pensions, and yes, lottery winnings — then subtracts:
- Federal income tax (calculated at the single-person rate)
- Social Security and Medicare taxes
- Union dues
- Health insurance premiums for the child
- Cash medical support ordered for the child
That's it. No 401(k) contributions, no student loans, no car payment, no credit cards. People always want those to count. They don't.
Low-income adjustment: If your monthly net resources are under $1,000, the percentages drop — 15% for one child, 20% for two, and so on. (§ 154.125(c))
Example: You net $5,000 a month and have two kids with the other parent. Guideline support: $5,000 × 25% = $1,250/month. The judge starts there.
California: The Formula (The Hard One)
California uses what's called an "income shares" model with a formula that looks like something out of an algebra class. The statute (California Family Code § 4055) writes it like this:
CS = K [HN − (H%)(TN)]
Don't panic. You don't have to do this by hand. California has certified calculators that do it for you. But here's what each piece means so you understand what you're entering:
- CS = the child support amount
- K = the fraction of both parents' income allocated to support (varies by total income)
- HN = the higher earner's net monthly disposable income
- H% = the percentage of time the higher earner has the children
- TN = total net monthly disposable income of both parents combined
What counts as income: California is broad. Wages, tips, commissions, bonuses, self-employment income, unemployment benefits, disability, workers' comp, interest, dividends, rental income, Social Security, pensions, and any "payments or credits due or becoming due" — including lottery winnings and prizes. The court subtracts taxes, mandatory union dues, mandatory retirement contributions, health premiums, support actually being paid for other children, and the cost of raising children from another relationship.
The low-income adjustment: If the paying parent's net disposable income is below the full-time minimum wage threshold — $2,929 per month for 2026, based on California's $16.90/hour minimum wage — there's a rebuttable presumption that they get a reduction. (Family Code § 4055(b)(7))
Use the calculator: California certifies five calculators for court use, listed at courts.ca.gov. The free public one is at childsupport.ca.gov/guideline-calculator. Heads up: the DCSS public calculator was decertified in 2026 pending tax updates from the July 2025 federal budget bill — it still works for estimates, but use a recertified calculator (Family Law Software, Xspouse, Cal Support) for anything you'll file.
Example: Two parents, combined net monthly income of $8,000. The custodial parent has the kids 80% of the time. The non-custodial parent (the higher earner at $5,000/month) would owe roughly $1,050 to $1,200 depending on deductions. Run your own numbers — don't trust a forum's estimate.
Florida: Income Shares With a Time-Sharing Twist
Florida also uses income shares, but the calculation runs through a worksheet the Supreme Court approves (Form 12.902(e)) and the statute (Florida Statute § 61.30).
How it works:
- Calculate each parent's net monthly income (gross minus taxes, Social Security, Medicare, mandatory retirement, mandatory union dues, health insurance for the child, court-ordered support for other children, etc.)
- Add them together for combined net monthly income
- Look up the guideline amount on the statutory chart — the chart starts at $800 combined income and tops out at $10,000
- Each parent pays their proportional share based on their percentage of the combined income
- Add on child care costs and the child's health insurance and non-covered medical costs, split proportionally
Above $10,000 combined: The chart stops at $10,000. Above that, you take the chart's maximum and add a percentage of the excess income — 5% for one child, 7.5% for two, 9.5% for three, scaling up. (§ 61.30(6)(b))
The variance rule: The judge can order within ±5% of the guideline amount without explanation. Beyond 5% in either direction, the judge has to put a written finding on the record explaining why the guideline would be unjust or inappropriate. (§ 61.30(1)(a))
The time-sharing twist: If each parent has the child for at least 73 overnights a year (roughly 20% of nights), Florida switches to the gross-up method — the worksheet recalculates with both parents getting credit for the time they have the child, and the number usually drops. (§ 61.30(11)(b)) If your parenting plan is close to 50/50, this matters a lot. Make sure your overnight count is accurate.
Example: Mom nets $4,000/month, Dad nets $6,000/month. Combined: $10,000. The guideline for two kids at $10,000 combined is roughly $2,159. Mom's share: 40%. Dad's share: 60%. Dad owes Mom the difference of their shares — about $647/month before child care and health insurance add-ons. Run your actual numbers on the worksheet.
What Counts as Income (And What Doesn't)
This is where most disputes live. The receiving parent thinks the payer is hiding money. The payer thinks the receiver is inflating their own need. Both sides usually have a point.
Counts everywhere:
- Wages, salary, tips, commissions, bonuses
- Self-employment income (after legitimate business expenses)
- Overtime — if it's regular, not a one-off
- Unemployment benefits
- Disability and workers' comp
- Pensions and retirement distributions
- Rental income (net of expenses)
- Dividends, interest, capital gains
- Trust distributions you actually receive
- Lottery and prize winnings
Doesn't count:
- The new spouse's income (your remarriage doesn't change your obligation)
- Means-tested public assistance (TANF, SSI, food stamps)
- Most student financial aid
- One-time gifts or inheritances in some states (case-specific)
The imputed income problem: If the court thinks a parent is intentionally working below their capacity — quitting a $100K job to "find themselves" at a coffee shop — the judge can impute income. That means the court calculates support based on what you could be earning, not what you're actually earning. All three states allow this. Don't try to game the system by tanking your income. Judges have seen it before and they don't like it.
When You Can't Pay
This is the section most people skip and end up regretting.
Don't stop paying. A child support order is enforceable until a judge modifies it. Stop paying because you lost your job and the arrears keep building, plus interest, plus enforcement. You can't get a retroactive reduction back to when your circumstances changed — the modification only goes back to when you filed. File the moment you know you qualify.
What to do:
- File a motion to modify immediately. Texas allows it any time there's a "material and substantial change." California lets you file whenever there's a significant change. Florida requires a "substantial, material, and unanticipated" change. Job loss, disability, and incarceration all qualify.
- Document everything. Termination letter, severance agreement, unemployment claims, medical records, incarceration dates. The court needs proof, not your word.
- Keep paying what you can. Even $50 a month on the books is better than zero. It shows good faith and slows the arrears clock.
- Contact the state child support agency. Every state has one — they enforce orders but they also handle modifications. In Texas it's the Office of the Attorney General's Child Support Division. In California it's DCSS. In Florida it's the Department of Revenue Child Support Program. Their services are free.
Incarceration is its own trap: If you're going in for more than about six months, request a modification before you go in or as soon as you arrive. The federal government requires states to review incarcerated parents' orders on request, but the order doesn't reduce automatically. Wait until you get out and you owe the full amount that built up while you were inside, with interest, with no way to backdate it.
How to Modify an Existing Order
Modification follows the same playbook in all three states:
- Confirm you meet the threshold. A "substantial change in circumstances" is the magic phrase. Job loss, big income change either direction, custody change, new child, serious medical event, disability. A bad quarter at work doesn't count. Neither does a one-time bonus.
- Get the right form. Texas: "Petition to Modify the Parent-Child Relationship" or a child support review through the OAG. California: "Request for Order" (Form FL-300) with an Income and Expense Declaration (FL-150). Florida: "Supplemental Petition for Modification" (Form 12.905) with a new financial affidavit (Form 12.902).
- Update your financial disclosure. This is the single most important document. Pay stubs, tax returns, bank statements, expense records. Incomplete or inconsistent financial affidavits are the number one reason modifications get delayed or denied.
- File and serve the other parent. Same service rules as any other civil filing.
- Show up to the hearing. Bring your evidence. Bring three copies of everything. Tell the timeline plainly: "I was laid off on March 12. Here's my termination letter. Here are my unemployment claims. My income dropped from $6,000 to $1,400 a month. The guideline amount under the new numbers is $X."
Texas-specific tip: If it's been at least three years since the last order and the current guideline amount would differ from your order by 20% or $100, you can modify without proving a "substantial change." That's a lower bar. Use it. (Texas Family Code § 154.123)
When the Other Parent Isn't Paying
If you're the one owed money, the state will enforce the order for you. Every state's child support agency has the same toolkit, and they're aggressive:
- Income withholding (wage garnishment straight from the paycheck — the most common tool)
- Intercepting tax refunds (federal and state)
- Suspending driver's, professional, and recreational licenses
- Placing liens on real property and bank accounts
- Reporting to credit bureaus
- Contempt of court (jail time is on the table for willful non-payment)
- Passport denial for arrears over $2,500 (federal)
Open a case with your state's child support agency. It's free. They work for the system, not for you specifically, but their incentives line up — they get federal funding based on collections.
The Mistakes That Cost People
Stopping payment when income drops. The order doesn't pause itself. File to modify the day you know you qualify. Retroactive reductions aren't coming.
Hiding income. Judges have forensic accountants, tax returns, and subpoena power. Get caught and you lose credibility for the rest of the case, plus you may get imputed income at a higher number than you actually earned.
Agreeing to "off the books" arrangements. "Just send me $500 cash and we'll call it even." Six months later the receiving parent files for the full guideline amount plus arrears, and your cash payments aren't credited because they weren't documented or court-ordered.
Skipping the financial affidavit update. Your modification case lives or dies on that document. Be thorough. Be consistent. Be honest.
Forgetting the kids' health insurance and child care. In all three states these are added on top of the basic guideline amount, split proportionally. Don't be surprised when the number you calculated goes up by $300.
Confusing custody time with support. A common myth: "If I have the kids 50% of the time, I don't owe support." Wrong. The higher earner usually still pays something. Florida's gross-up reduces the number; it doesn't zero it out.
When You Actually Need a Lawyer
You don't need one to run the calculator, file the forms, or appear at a routine modification hearing. Pull in legal help if:
- The other parent owns a business or has complicated income (partnerships, RSUs, offshore accounts)
- You suspect the other parent is hiding income or underreporting
- Your case crosses state lines (interstate support is governed by a separate federal law, UIFSA)
- Custody is contested at the same time as support
- You're facing imputed income disputes
- Arrears have built up to five figures and enforcement is threatened
- The other parent has a lawyer and the case is getting adversarial
A one-time consultation runs $100 to $300. Your state's child support agency is free. Legal aid is free if your income qualifies. Use all three before you write a check to a family law firm.
Resources
- Texas: Texas Attorney General Child Support Division — free calculator, modification help, enforcement
- California: DCSS Guideline Calculator and your county's Family Law Facilitator (free help at the courthouse)
- Florida: Florida Department of Revenue Child Support Program and Form 12.902(e) worksheet
- Federal: The OCSE "Changing a Child Support Order" guide (free PDF, plain English)
- SavageLex Case Analyzer: Upload your pay stubs, your existing order, and the other parent's income info — get the guideline calculation, your strongest modification arguments, and the exact forms your state requires, organized before you walk into the hearing.
Your Move
Child support isn't a mystery. It's a formula. The numbers are public and the calculators are free. You don't need someone in a $400/hour suit to run the math for you.
Run the calculator for your state. Document your income honestly. If your circumstances change, file to modify the same week. If the other parent isn't paying, open a case with the state agency — it's free and they're relentless. And keep paying what you can, even when it's hard, because the alternative is arrears that follow you for years.
Your kid's not a line item. But the number is. Know yours.
This is general legal information, not legal advice. Child support guidelines change — the Texas cap moved from $9,200 to $11,700 in September 2025, and California's calculator certifications update yearly. If your case involves hidden income, interstate issues, or contested custody, talk to a family law attorney or your state's child support agency.